This article aims to identify the most central sectors of agriculture and livestock at a national level, investigating the centrality of the biofuel sector in Brazil in terms of GHG emissions. Complex networks and input–output were used to investigate this. Our results showed that the Agriculture and Livestock sector is a central supplier of GHG emissions in the Brazilian economy. In contrast, the Biofuel sector is the most demanding sector, considering GHG emissions incorporated into the trade. Based on the results found, we intend to contribute to the discussion about the possible threats from these polluting sectors to the sustainability of the Amazon and global climate change.
